英语习语趣谈【19】脱光衣服 Give someone the shirt off one’s back & Lose one’s shirt

本栏目由李福兵原创编写,Eyre绘图。

在古装武侠小说中,那种为朋友两肋插刀的英雄豪杰很令人佩服,而英语中也有类似的表达。今天我们就向大家介绍一个:Give someone the shirt off one’s back.
片语give someone the shirt off one’s back意思是“竭尽所能的帮助某人。”你看,把自己的衬衫都给了别人,衣服都脱完,背都露出来了,是不是算得上竭尽所能了?If you give someone the shirt off your back, you must try your best to help him or her when he or her is in trouble. 如:

Gord is a kind and generous man. He’d like to give people the shirt off his back. Once a co-worker got really sick, Gord gave a lot of money to him.
(译文:Gord是个心地善良且慷慨的人,他会竭尽所能的帮助别人的。他的一个同事曾经病得很重,他就给了许多钱给那个同事。)

朋友们可能有这样的感慨,朋友很多,但真心的没有几个。真正的朋友是能在你最需要他的时候出现的朋友,看看下面这个句子是怎样说的:

A true friend is someone who’ll give you the shirt off his back when you are in all kind of serious troubles.
(译文:一个真正的朋友是会在你遇到各种困难的时候竭尽所能的帮助你的。)

所谓患难真情(a friend in need is a friend indeed)只有在你需要的时候才看得出来。有时朋友还会为你奉献完他的全部财产,赔上了一切包括自己的生命(lose his shirt)。这里lose one’s shirt正是今天我们要向朋友们介绍的第二个片语。

先看一个例句:

Tim got a great success in his business and earned more money. But money burned a hole in his pocket. Not long ago, he began gambling at card games. Now he has lost his shirt.
(译文:Tim在生意上取得了很大的成功,但钱在口袋里留不住。不久前他开始赌扑克牌,现在已经分文不剩了。)

To lose one’s shirt means to lose all his money and property for some reasons. 让我们再发挥一下我们的想象力吧(let our imagination run wild)! 如果一个人连shirt都没有(lose)了,你说他穷不穷呢?

现在让我们再看另一个例子:之前先复习一下burn a hole in one’s pocket这个片语,在前面几讲我们介绍过的,它的意思是“钱在口袋里留不住。”

Bart was sentenced to five years in jail for accounting cheats. And he has lost his shirt now. He is deeply repentant of it. 
 (译文:Bart因财务欺诈而被判入狱五年,一切都完了,他非常后悔。)

结束语:人都会犯错误的,关键是要知过悔改。这不,Bart入狱后,他的父母并没有放弃对他的关心,鼓励他重新做人。他也决定奋发图强,出狱后,勒紧腰带重新创业。在下一讲里我们就要介绍“奋发图强”和“勒紧腰带”在英文中该怎么说。

英语习语趣谈【18】风雨中的美丽 keep sth. under one’s hat & Start sth. off on the wrong foot

本栏目由李福兵原创编写,Eyre绘图。

今天我们要介绍的第一个片语是keep something under one’s hat. 它的意思是keep something secret,即隐瞒某事。我们可以从字面上理解这个片语:朋友们想想,如果我们把某物放在帽子里,或把某物放在帽子下使之被遮住,不正是“隐瞒“的意思吗?

Greg leaked information about his company to a competitor for getting more pay. Although he tried to keep it under his hat, finally, his boss found out and called the police.
(译文:Greg 为了获得许多钱,泄露了他们公司的信息给竞争者,虽然他尽力隐瞒,但最后他的老板还是发现了并报了警。)

结婚纪念日就要来临了,如果你邀请你的朋友共同为你的爱人准备了一个特别的礼物,这时你就可以用上下面这句话了:

Please keep the news under your hat. I’ll give my dear a surprise.
(译文:请保守这个消息,我将给爱人一个惊喜。)

也许朋友们有这样的经历:在淅淅沥沥的小雨中,偶然邂逅一位温柔的女孩,于是思念便潮水般涌来,没有心思学习,没有心思工作。多年后的现在,你才觉得从开始的那一刻起压根就不应该让自己陷入那种相思之中。对了,片语start something off on the wrong foot正好表达这个意思,指 “某事一开始就错了”。看看下面这个句子。

Rose and Jim have been dating for a year, but Rose’s parents don’t think Jim is the right guy for their daughter. So Rose doesn’t want to start their marriage off on the wrong foot by displeasing her parents.
(译文:罗斯和吉米已经交往了一年,但罗斯父母认为吉米不适合他们的女儿。所以罗斯并不想惹父母不高兴而使他们的婚姻没有好的开始。)

start something off on the wrong foot相当于to begin in the wrong way. 可以译为“一开始就错了”或“没有好的开始”。 这个片语是从“舞蹈领域”中得来的──如果两个人刚开始跳舞时都使用左脚或右脚,不就脚碰脚了吗?一开始就错了!下面这段话是对这个片语的解释,让我们来看看:

In social dancing, the man usually starts on the left foot, while the woman starts on the right foot. If one of them doesn’t do this, then they may end up stepping on each other’s feet. So they are in trouble from the very beginning. So to start something off on the wrong foot means to start something by already doing something wrong at the very beginning. This puts you in a bad position or at disadvantage. It makes what you are doing even harder than it might happen if you started it off on the right foot.

再看一个句子:

Today is the first day I go to work. I don’t want to be late and start my new job off on the wrong foot.
(译文:今天是我上班的第一天,我不想迟到,从而使自己一参加工作就没有好的开始。)

结束语:朋友写了首诗寄给了我:尘封往事,历历在目,提起笔,却无从写起…轻轻推窗而望,夜深人静,唯有晚风摇动一树相思…从认识她的那一天开始,我的世界便开始了漫长的等待,为一种没有结束的等待而等待。也许这一开始就是一个错误(I start my feeling about you off on the wrong foot!)。我这样回信:朋友,天涯何处无芳草,勇敢的面对人生,坦诚的面对自己,不要试图隐瞒(keep something under one’s hat)心中的那团爱的烈火,希望能早日找到属于你的伴侣!

英语习语趣谈【17】完全同意提高自己 Polish up something & All for something

本栏目由李福兵原创编写,Eyre绘图。

英语和汉语一样,同一个词会有多种意思,而且随着时代的发展,有些词的意思会逐渐的增多,也有些词的意思会逐渐减少。也许大家都知道Polish是波兰的,波兰语的意思,可他还可以指“磨光、擦亮”呢! 比如shoe polish是“鞋油”的意思,polish shoes就是“擦鞋”的意思。

今天我们还要介绍它的另一个用法。先看看例句,之前我们先来看看junk mail这个词组,它的意思是“垃圾邮件”。

Every day I spend one hour polishing up my English through reading emails, but my mailbox is filled with junk mails at all time. I have to throw it all away without even opening it.
(译文:每天我将花大约一个小时的时间通过电子邮件来提高我的英语,但我的邮箱总是有许多垃圾邮件,我不得不删除他们,有些甚至还没有打开过。)

这里polish up something的意思是“加强、增进、提高。”它是由“擦亮、磨光”的意思演变而来的。人们也许有这样的经历,当完成一篇演讲稿时,必须要把一些磕磕碰碰的地方修改一下,使之朗朗上口,这就像给机械磨光擦亮一样,所以人们就用polish up something 来表示“提高、增进”的意思了,尤其是指在技能方面的提高与增进。If you polish up something or polish something up, you improve your skill or ability by practicing it. Fox example:

How to stalk extra time? In order to polish up your ability of taking control of your time, you should make a checklist of the work you need to get done every day, and then do these works productively.
(译文:如何寻找到额外的时间?为了提高你控制时间的能力,每天你应该列一个需要完成的工作清单,然后有效的去做。)

学会做时间的主人才能控制好自己的时间!许多人都明白这个道理。废话少说,还是抓紧时间来看看今天我们要学习的第二个片语吧: All for something. 这个片语很简单,意思是“完全赞成某事,”相当于英文中的 totally agree. For example:

What do you want to do in the sunny day? I’m all for flying kites.
(译文:在这个好天气里你想做些什么?我完全赞同去放风筝。)

“又是一年三月三风筝飞满天”,当人们看着风筝逍遥在万里碧空时,心情的确会舒畅许多。Are you all for my opinion? 如果你不赞成, 就是frown upon my opinion了,这里frown upon(on) something是all for something的反义词。

让我们再看一个例句:

Tom’s girlfriend follows her parents’ advice to break up with him, only because his paycheck is not large enough. Yesterday, he said to his girlfriend he was all for breaking up with her. What a “decent” man!
(译文:Tom女友听了他父母的话而与他分手,因为他的收入不高。昨天,他对女友说他完全同意分手。他是多么“大方”的人啊!)

结束语:人们需要不断的提高自己(polish up their skills),才能适应现代社会发展的需要,许多年轻人完全同意这一点(all for it)。以网络为载体进行学习,现在已经成为一种趋势。