Argentina defeated France in an epic World Cup final on Sunday that ended after a penalty shootout.
在周日的世界杯决赛中，阿根廷队在点球大战中击败了法国队。
All eyes were on France’s Kylian Mbappé and Argentina’s Lionel Messi, two of soccer’s best-known stars, who have played together for two seasons on Paris Saint-Germain Football Club, and both did not disappoint. Mbappé scored three goals and Messi two. Both stars also were successful in penalty kicks.
After extra time, the score was 3-3. Argentina won the shootout 4-2.
加时赛结束后，比分为3比3。阿根廷队以4比2赢得了点球大战。
epic n. /ˈepɪk/
a long poem about the actions of great men and women or about a nation’s history; this style of poetry 叙事诗；史诗
the creative genius of Greek epic 富有创造力的希腊史诗天才
penalty n. /ˈpenəlti/
( in football ( soccer ) and some other similar sports 足球和其他类似体育运动 ) a chance to score a goal or point without any defending players, except the goalkeeper , trying to stop it; the goal or point that is given if it is successful. This chance is given because the other team has broken the rules. 点球；罚点球得分
We were awarded a penalty after a late tackle. 对方铲球犯规后，我们得到了一个点球。
He missed a penalty in the last minute of the game. 在比赛的最后一刻，他罚失了点球。
penalty shootout 点球大战
shootout n. 枪战；射门
a fight involving shooting small arms with the intent to kill or frighten 用小武器射击，意图杀人或恐吓的打斗
Close up of the face of a grey wolf in Yellowstone National Park on Nov. 7, 2017. Jacob W. Frank/NPS
Pack Leader 头狼
Grey wolves infected with this parasite are more likely to become pack leaders, scientists say
科学家说，感染了这种寄生虫的灰狼更有可能成为狼群的首领
Researchers studying grey wolf populations in Yellowstone National Park have discovered an intriguing reason why some wolves may be more inclined to become pack leaders.
研究黄石国家公园灰狼种群的研究人员发现了一个有趣的原因，为什么有些狼可能更倾向于成为狼群的领导者。
Grey wolves exposed to Toxoplasma gondii — the parasite that causes the disease toxoplasmosis — are more than 46 times more likely to become a pack leader than uninfected wolves, according to a study published Thursday in Communications Biology.
A parasite is a small animal or plant that lives on or inside a larger animal or plant, and gets its food from it. 寄生虫; 寄生植物
• Kangaroos harbour a vast range of parasites. 袋鼠身上有各种各样的寄生虫。
intriguing adj. /ɪnˈtriːɡɪŋ/
If you describe something as intriguing, you mean that it is interesting or strange. 非常有趣的；新奇的
• This intriguing book is both thoughtful and informative. 这本引人入胜的书既有思想性又有知识性。
inclined adj. /ɪnˈklaɪnd/
inclined to do sth：tending to do sth; likely to do sth 有…倾向；很可能
• They’ll be more inclined to listen if you don’t shout. 你要是不大声嚷叫，他们会更愿意倾听。
expose /ɪkˈspəʊz/
If someone is exposed to something dangerous or unpleasant, they are put in a situation in which it might affect them. 使暴露于 (危险或令人不快的境地)
• A wise mother never exposes her children to the slightest possibility of danger. 一个明智的母亲从不会置其孩子于丝毫可能的危险中。
toxoplasma gondii 刚地弓形虫
toxoplasmosis n. /ˌtɒksəʊplæzˈməʊsɪs/
a disease that can be dangerous to a baby while it is still in its mother’s body, caught from infected meat, soil, or animal faeces 弓形体病（对胎儿有害，由感染病菌的肉、土壤或动物粪便传染）
feces n. /ˈfiːsiːz/
Faeces is the solid waste substance that people and animals get rid of from their body by passing it through the anus. 粪便
• grass contaminated by faeces from infected dogs 被受到传染的狗的粪便污染了的草地
anus n. /ˈeɪnəs/
A person’s anus is the hole from which faeces leaves their body. 肛门
‘Guillermo del Toro’s Pinocchio’ is a feast for the eyes and ears
《吉列尔莫·德尔·托罗的匹诺曹》是一场视觉和听觉的盛宴
It seems so simple: the story of a carpenter who carves a boy out of wood only to see his puppet son come to life with a nose that grows when he lies. The 1883 novel by Carlo Collodi has inspired dozens of film and TV shows, none finer than Disney’s animated 1940 classic.
Until now. The Oscar-winning Mexican director Guillermo Del Toro (“The Shape of Water”) has filtered Collodi’s vision through his own dark and dazzling sensibilities, so much so that this stop-motion masterpiece is titled “Guillermo del Toro’s Pinocchio.”
An ego trip? Far from it. Now in theaters and on its way to a Dec. 9 Netflix debut, this 15-year passion project is the work of a true film artist who uses an intricate animation technique in which a camera is repeatedly stopped and started, frame-by-frame, in order to give inanimate objects and figures the impression of movement.
a character in a children’s story who changes from a wooden figure into a boy. Whenever he tells a lie, his nose grows longer. 皮诺曹（从木偶变成男孩的童话人物，说谎时鼻子就变长）
carve v. /kɑːv/
to make objects, patterns, etc. by cutting away material from wood or stone 雕刻
• The statue was carved out of a single piece of stone. 这座雕像是用整块石料雕成的。
puppet n. /ˈpʌpɪt/
a model of a person or an animal that can be made to move, for example by pulling strings attached to parts of its body or by putting your hand inside it. A puppet with strings is also called a marionette . 木偶
marionette n. /ˌmæriəˈnet/
a puppet whose arms, legs and head are moved by strings 牵线木偶
animated adj. /ˈænɪˌmeɪtɪd/
An animated film is one in which puppets or drawings appear to move. 动画的
• Disney has returned to what it does best: making full-length animated feature films. 迪斯尼电影公司回到他们最拿手的事情：制作长篇动画故事片。
dazzling adj. /ˈdæzlɪŋ/
Something that is dazzling is very impressive or beautiful. 令人印象深刻的; 惊人的
• He gave Alberg a dazzling smile. 他向艾尔伯格粲然一笑。
stop-motion
a technique used in animation and photography in which a subject is filmed then adjusted a frame at a time 单格拍制
ego n. /ˈiːɡəʊ, ˈɛgəʊ/
Someone’s ego is their sense of their own worth. For example, if someone has a large ego, they think they are very important and valuable. 自我价值感
• He had a massive ego, never would he admit he was wrong. 他有极强的自我价值感，从来不会承认他错了。
debut n. /ˈdeɪbjuː/
The debut of a performer or sports player is their first public performance, appearance, or recording. 首次登台
• She made her debut in a 1937 production of “Hamlet.” 她在1937年《哈姆雷特》的演出中首次登台。
intricate adj. /ˈɪntrɪkɪt/
You use intricate to describe something that has many small parts or details. 复杂精细的
• the production of carpets with highly intricate patterns 图案复杂精细的地毯的制作
inanimate adj. /ɪnˈænɪmɪt/
An inanimate object is one that has no life. 无生命的
• Many children become attached to some inanimate object, such as a blanket or soft toy. 很多儿童都对一些诸如毯子或柔软玩具这样没有生命的物品产生依恋。
