英语习语趣谈【7】禁忌话题 Stick one’s foot in one’s mouth & be on the safe side

本栏目由李福兵原创编写,Eyre绘图。

如果有一次老板带你去参加一个party, 看到角落里有个穿着老土衣服的女人,于是你对老板说:你看那个女人好土!老板转过身:“She is my wife.” 这时你会作何感受?
你说错过话吗?你说过不该说或让自己后悔的话吗?你又怎么办呢?对了,这里“说错话”用英文来表达就是stick one’s foot in one’s mouth.  If we stick our foot in our month, we must have said something wrong.

 仔细阅读下面的一段话,体味一下这个片语的用法。

Every culture around the world has certain taboo topics. If you don’t want to stick your foot in your mouth, first you must pay attention to those topics people avoid discussing. For instance, Americans will avoid talking about politics, religion, racial issues, as well as personal lives. In Brazil, soccer is the one topic that can turn friends into enemies, thus gives us clues about what Brazilians value, respect, etc. Generally, when we talk about topics that are considered too personal or too controversial, we’ll stick our foot in our mouth.
(译文:世界上的每一种文化都有他们避免谈论的特定话题,如果你不想说让自己后悔的话,首先你必须注意人们避免谈论的是哪些话题。比如在美国,人们总是避免谈论政治、宗教、民族问题和私人生活等。而在巴西,足球也是一种能让朋友变成敌人的话题,这可以让我们了解到巴西人所看重的、尊敬的东西。一般的,当我们谈论一些被认为是过于私人的或具有争议性的话题时,我们就会说出一些不该说的话。)

下面我们来看看今天我们要学习的第二个片语:be on the safe side.
这个片语的意思是“在安全的一边”,可以译为“为安全起见。” The phrase, to be on the safe side, means to do something in order to be certain to avoid an unpleasant situation. 看个例子:

If you want to be on time for work, to be on the safe side, you should leave home 10 minutes earlier than usual.
(译文:如果你想准时上班,为安全起见,你应该比平常提前10分钟上路。)
I’d take an umbrella, just to be on the safe side.
(译文:我最好带把伞,只是为了安全起见。)
还是来看看两个单身大男人的谈话,加深一下印象吧。
A: I was introduced to meet a pretty girl. You know I’m alone at all!
B:  That’s a good thing to do, where will you meet?
A:  In a restaurant.
B:  you should choose a grand one, just to be on the safe side.
A:  oh…maybe.
B:  and you should take more money, just to be on the safe side.
A:  oh…right.
B:  and you should bring me with you, I think, perhaps, I can give you some advice.
A:  oh…maybe, but…but I don’t bring you, It’s just to be on the safe side.
B:  ohoh…?!
(译文:
A:有人介绍我去认识一位漂亮的女孩,你知道我单身一人。
B:那是件很好的事情,你们在哪儿见面?
A:在一个饭店。
B:你应该选择一个豪华的地方,这样只是为了(对于你的成功)可靠些。
A:哦…也许吧!
B:并且你应该多带点钱,这样只是为了安全可靠。
A:哦…对。
B:也许你该带上我,我想我可以给你一些建议。
A:哦…也许,但我不会带上你,我这样也是为了可靠些。
B:哦…

结束语:今天我们主要学习了两个片语。如果我们说了不该说的话,可以用stick one’s foot in one’s mouth来表达。如果我们要表达“为了安全可靠的原因,” 可以用be on the safe side来表达。

英语习语趣谈【6】一连串的成功 String of hits & Pat someone/oneself on the back

本栏目由李福兵原创编写,Eyre绘图。

随着国际交往的日益深入,许多公司都瞄准了国外市场。继肯德基在全国各地取得一连串的成功之后,又准备在一个并不繁荣的地方新开一个分店。看来一连串的成功让他们对未来充满了信心。

A string of hits to run a branch over china makes them more confidence. So, they plan to open another branch at our area which isolates from big cites.
(译文:在全国开办分店一连串的成功让他们更有信心。所以他们计划在我们这个远离大城市的地方再开一家分店。)

这里我们看到一个片语:a string of hits, 它的意思是“一连串的成功。”朋友们肯定会问,怎么用hits来表示“成功”呢?最初的时候,美国乡村音乐团在演出时总是不停喧闹的打击、敲打乐器,而且获得了大家的喜爱。所以人们常用hit来表示乡村音乐会的成功,久而久之,这个词就演变为各种各样的成功了。String of 是一个介词词组表示“一连串的…”,所以整个片语表达的意思就是“一连串的成功。” The idiom refers to a number of successful events coming one after another.
 
我们来看个例子:

What do you think about the film Hero? I think it is a good one. The director, ZhangYimou, has a string of hits. All of his films have been successful.
(译文:你喜欢英雄这部电影吗?我想它是一部好电影,导演张艺谋取得了一连串的成功,他所有的电影都取得了成功。)

如果获得一连串的成功之后,许多人就会好好庆祝一下他们自己。这里我们就可以用英文来表示了:Pat themselves on the back for having their string of hits! 这里的pat oneself on the back又是一个片语,意思是对某人表示赞许或庆贺。大家知道,我们中国人表示祝贺是在shoulder上拍拍,可是美国人在向别人表示祝贺时总是拥抱,并用他们的手在人家的后背上拍一拍。这不,pat 本是轻轻一拍的意思,back指“背”,轻轻在背上一拍后,意思就是“表示祝贺。” When people pat someone or oneself on the back, they praise someone or themselves for doing something well. 好,还是来看个例子。

Every time when I thought I did a great job on repairing test, I always pat myself on the back by having some junk food.
(译文:每当我觉得自己已经准备好考试时,总是吃些零食对自己表示祝贺。)

学会奖励自己是一个人调节自己、树立信心的方法之一,看下面的句子是如何给朋友们建议的:

If you work out your heavy work just within a week,Then pat yourself on the back to have a delicious meal with your girlfriend.
(译文:如果你一个星期内就完成了繁重的工作,那么和你的女友美餐一顿奖励一下自己吧!)

结束语:这一讲我们讲了两个片语。一个是string of hits, 意思是“一连串的胜利。”一个是pat oneself on the back,意思是“对自己表示赞许或庆贺。”看看下面这句话,它综合使用了这两个片语:How do you pat yourself on the back when you get string of hits, could you share it with me?

英语习语趣谈【5】斗转星移,物是人非 A horse of a different color & The shoe is on the other foot

本栏目由李福兵原创编写,Eyre绘图。

我们常说“斗转星移,物是人非”,你知道用英文怎样表达吗?今天我们就来学习与这两个说法相关的片语。
片语A horse of a different color从表面上看指“一匹不同颜色的马”?在英文中,它到底表达的是什么意思呢?这得从大约19世纪说起。19世纪的时候,马在世界各地被普遍的用于耕作、运输和战争。但有一种现象是:当我们远远的看到一匹马时,印象中马是一种颜色,但走近后仔细一看,却发现颜色根本不一样。所以后来人们就用这个片语来形容“全然不同的情况,今非昔比的情形。” When some kinds of situations have changed completely, you can use the phrase, a horse of different color, to express it. It means something that is completely different from another thing or some situations that are completely different from before. For example:

Last year the football team was a worse team among the league, but this year the situation is a horse of a different color, the team has beaten all of others.
(译文:去年这支球队在联赛中成绩很糟糕,但今年情况完全不同了,他们打败了所有的对手。)

解放前后,中国人民的生活也有了截然不同的情形,让我们看看下面这个例子是怎么说的:

Before liberation, it was impossible for the Chinese people to enjoy their life under the oppression of “the three big mountains”. But after 1949, it’s a horse of a different color. The Chinese people have become masters themselves.
(译文:解放前,在“三座大山”的压迫下,中国人很难过上幸福的生活,但1949年后,情况就完全不同了,中国人做了自己的主人。)

在美语中,如果要表达“情况完全不同”的意思,人们也常说The shoe is on the other foot.从字面上看,这个片语的意思是“这鞋子在另一支脚上”。可能是因为人们的脚长大了,情况已经不同了,原来的鞋子已经不适合的缘故吧,人们用这样一个片语来表示情况的不同和时事的变迁。以前人们书信来往以表达自己长长的思念,可如今情况不同了,他们常使用Email, 看看下面这个句子是怎样说的:

Historically, the young expresses their loving feelings each other in the way to send a letter. However, nowadays, the shoe is on the other foot, they do it in the way to send an email.
(译文:以前年轻人彼此通过书信表达爱慕之情。 然而,现在情况完全不同了,他们常用电子邮件。)

现在在英国英语中,人们使用这个片语时,更强调的是情况完全相反而不仅仅是不同,他们对这个片语的解析用了一个比较贴切的说法:The idiom used to say something that is in a situation in the past is now in another situation that is completely opposite. 还是废话少说,来看个例句吧!
Tom was a millionaire five years ago, but now the shoe is on the other foot. He has nothing except carrying heavy debts.
(译文:Tom五年前还是个大富豪,但如今情况完全相反,他除了背负重债外一一无所有。)

结束语:十年前和现在比有太多的不同。我们在念中学的时候,同学们都一个样,可十年后情况就完全不同了(the shoe is on the other foot)。他们中有的担任着政府要职,有的自己开办了公司,有的只是一般工人而已。Yes, it is a horse of different color!