世博英语是一个公益性免费英语学习网站。自1999年成立以来,长期致力于在线英语教学,尽己之力助学进步。 | 设为首页 - 加入收藏 |
![]() |
作为一门外语,英语是获取信息和有效沟通的工具。只有学以致用,才能更有趣和富有效率!——世博英语 360abc.com |
网站首页世博阅读版世博听说版世博原创课程全球英语资源导航 |
当前位置:网站首页 >> 世博原创课程 >> 世博中级课程 >> 新概念英语第二册 >> 课文讲解 >> 新概念英语第二册第27课【课文讲解】 |
新概念英语第二册第27课【课文讲解】2010-05-25 19:53:54 来源:世博英语
Lesson 27 A wet night 1. Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field. Put的用法:(特殊难点的用法) Put up-搭起,架起:put up the tent Put out-扑灭:put out the fire Put on-穿上衣服:put on the coat Put sb. up-安排住宿:We can put you up for tonight. Put up with-容忍、忍受:I cannot put up with him any longer. Put down-抄下:put down the sentences Put off-推迟、延期: Don't put off until tomorrow what can be done today. 今日可做的事不要拖到明天。 Put away-放到一边:put your toys away and go to bed In the middle of表示“在…当中”、“在…中间”,既可以用于表示地理位置,又可以用于表示时间或在某个过程当中。 He heard someone shouting in the middle of the night. 午夜前后,他听到有人大声叫喊。 (这里是表示在时间过程当中。) Mary was in the middle of reading when her aunt arrived. 玛丽的姑妈到达时,玛丽正在读书。 (这里表示在某个过程中。) 我们曾经在第4课学过一个in the center of的固定搭配: He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the center of Australia. In the center of(在…中部/中央)则一般用于表示地理位置。 2.As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire. As soon as这里表示“一…就…”。我们曾经讲过as soon as用于过去完成时的用法,其实as soon as常用于过去时(主句从句都是过去时)。我们给大家后面的附录一中,给了大家10个表达“一…就…”的不同用法。希望大家能够仔细的看看。 Open fire是指无遮盖的、没有围起来的火,如篝火、盆火等。这里open fire是做动词, open fire如果做动词则是表示“开火”的意思。比如: The gunman opened fire on the passers-by. 持枪歹徒向路人开火。 另外,open race是“公开赛”的意思。 3.They were all hungry and the food smelled good. 这里smell是感官动词, 有些动词有主动语态之形,但却有被动语态之意。 当感官动词做系动词用时,它们也是有主动语态之形,被动语态之意: 1.Honey tastes sweet. 2.Glass feels smooth. 3.Perfume smells good. 另外,在本课的附录二中,给大家补充一下感官动词+doing/to do的结构。供大家参考。 4.After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire. 这里的by就是“在…旁边”的意思。我们在第18课和21课曾经学过这两个句子: I had left it on a chair beside the door. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. 这两句中的beside和near也同样有“在…旁边”的意思,这里我们来简单区分一下: a.beside和by都表示at the side of;next to(就在…的旁边),两者一般可以互换。 He stood beside/by the window.他站在窗口。 b.而near表示not far from(在…附近,离…不远),但有一段距离。 She lives near the church.她住在教堂附近。 请比较: We live by/beside the sea.(We can see it.) 我们就住在海边。(我们能看见大海。) We live near the sea.(Perhaps five kilometers away.) 我们住在离大海不远的地方。(也许距离海边还有5公里。) 所以,由此可以看出:by/beside是贴近的旁边;而near是有一段距离的附近。 5. So they all slept soundly. 这里soundly是指睡觉睡得很好,睡得香甜。我们经常问别人晚上睡觉是否睡得好,就可以说:Did you sleep soundly last night? 6. In the middle of the night, two boys woke up and began shouting. 首先,in the middle of就是我们课程开始时候讲过的,既可以用于表示地理位置,又可以用于表示时间或在某个过程当中。这里是表示在时间当中,注意in the middle of the night这个短语的翻译为:午夜前后。 Woke是动词wake的过去式形式,wake的过去式和过去分词形式分别为:woke; woken。在表示“醒来”的意思时,我们可以使用wake和wake up互换,比如课文中: Tow boys woke and began shouting.这样的句子也是可以的。不过wake up更常用和更加强调动作而更加生动。所以,大家多使用wake up吧。 Wake up另外还可以表示“让人注意力集中”的意思。比如: Wake up!注意了! Wake up at the back!注意后面! 上面所说的都是wake做动词的用法,wake也可以做名词短语使用,我们常用的一种结构就是“in the wake of”。这个短语解释为:if something, especially something bad, happens in the wake of an event, it happens afterwards and usually as a result of it.由此,我们可以翻译为中文的“紧跟在...的后面, 随着...而来,接踵而来”等等这类的意思。来看一个例句: Famine followed in the wake of the drought.干旱过后,紧随着的就是饥荒。 7.They all leapt out of their sleeping bags and hurried outside. Leap的过去式和过去分词形式为:leapt;leapt。解释为“跳跃、跳起”。我们还同样学过jump这个词,也是表示“跳跃、跳起”的意思,这两个动词意思相近,也常常换用,不过leap和jump有一些的细微的侧重点: Leap多用于表示做水平面的跳跃运动,而jump则常常表示跳过某个具有高度的障碍物或是向空中跃起,是垂直面上的跳跃运动。 The horse leapt across the chasm.马跃过了峡谷。 The children jumped up and down.孩子们蹦蹦跳跳的。 High jump跳高; a great leap forward大跃进 和leap有关的另外一个名句就是“Look before you leap.”就是我们常说的“三思而后行”。这个大家应该非常熟悉了。 8. It was raining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field. Stream这里是名词表示“small river”小河、小溪的意思。大名鼎鼎的弗洛伊德的“意识流”就是“stream of consciousness”。 Form这里做动词表示“形成、构成”。 比如: A plan began to form in his mind. 计划在他脑子里形成。 In English the past tense is usually formed by adding ‘ed’. 英语中过去时通常是由加ed组成的。 The United Nations was formed in 1945. 联合国是1945年组成的。 此外,大家要把form和from分清楚,from是个介词,表示“从…来”。 9.The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right under the tent. Wound是动词wind的过去式,wind大家以前很熟的意思是名词“风”的意思。比如一阵风就是“a gust of wind”。 wind作动词其核心意义为“缠绕”。这里wind是表示“蜿蜒;曲折的延…前进”的意思。比如: A path winds through the woods. 小径蜿蜒穿过树林。 值得一提的是wind表示“缠绕”的动词在使用时经常和一些副词和介词搭配使用,比如:wind its way across…,wind around,wind through,wind down等等。 Wind作为动词还有很多其他的用法和意思,比如wind up等,这些我们以后讲到相关的用法时,我们和大家来仔细的讲解。 附录一:"一……就……"的英语表示法 “一……就……”,这一汉语句型在英语中有多种不同的表现形式,归纳起来,大致有以下十种。 1. no sooner...than... No sooner had he got to the station than the train started. 他一到达车站,火车就开走了。 I had no sooner seen him than I asked him about the matter. 我一见到他,就问及那件事情。 (注) no sooner与than搭配放在句首,助动词had放在主语前,即:No sooner had I seen.... no sooner所在的主句常用过去完成时, that引导的从句用一般过去时。no sooner... than与下面的hardly...when以及scarcely...when(间或before) 同义,用法相同。 2.hardly...when... Hardly had it stopped raining when they went to work in the fields. 雨一停,他们就到田里去干活了。 He had hardly got off the bus when he met an old friend of his. 他一下公共汽车,就碰见他的一个老朋友。 3. scarcely...when/before... Scarcely had the bell rung when they went to the playground. 铃一响,他们就到操场去了。 He had scarcely got home before it began to rain. 他一到家,天就开始下雨了。 4.as soon as As soon as the teacher entered the classroom, the students stopped talking. 老师一进教室,学生们就停止讲话了。 I'll write to tell you as soon as I know about it. 我一了解情况,就会写信告诉你。 (注)as soon as引导的从句可以放在句首,也可以放在句未。主句和从句多数场合都是用一般过去时,有时候主句用一般将来时,从句用现在时表示将来时。 5.on+动名词 On arriving at the village, we were warmly welcomed by the villagers. 我们一到那个村子,就受到了村民们的热烈欢迎。 (注) "on+动名词"这一句型多用来表示时间的短促和动作的紧凑,这一介词短语一般放在句首。动名词也可换用相应的名词,如上例可改成:On our arrival at the village,...。 句中的谓语动词用一般过去时:on后的动名词,一般来自表示去向性动作的动词,如arrive, reach, return, leave等。 6.at+动名词 At seeing her mother, the girl burst into tears. 一见到母亲,那女孩就放声大哭起来。 (注) "at+动名词"和上述"on+动名词"多放在句首。动名词也可换用相应的名词,如上例可改成:At the sight of her mother,...。句中的谓语动词用一般过去时。at后的动名词,一般来自see, hear等表示视、听感觉的动词。 7. right after The workers went home for a rest right after completing their task. 工人们一完成任务,就回家休息了。 (注) right after后跟动名词,放在句子后部。句中的谓语动词用一般过去时。 8.immediately Immediately the discussion was finished, the meeting was over. 讨论一完毕,会就散了。 (注) immediately为副词,这里起连词作用,换用instantly也可以。 9.the instant (that) The instant (that) she came back, she helped her brother with his homework. 她一回来,就帮助她的弟弟做作业。 (注) the instant (that)起连词作用,后跟从句。与下面的the moment (that)用法相同。 10.the moment (that) The enemy plane was shot down the moment (that) it intruded into our air space. 这架敌机一侵入我国领空就被击落。 附录二:感官动词 + doing/to do 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do表示动作的完整性,真实性;+doing 表示动作的连续性,进行性 I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实) I saw him working in the garden yesterday.(强调"我见他正干活"这个动作) 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。 典型例题 1)They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 答案:A。因题意为,他们看着她长大,因此强调的是成长的过程,而非正在长的动作,因此用see sb do sth 的句型。 2)The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 答案A. 本题强调其动作,正在河边玩,应此用see sb. doing sth句型。
相关文章
|
关于世博 - 广告投放 - 版权说明 - 音频帮助 |
沪ICP备1102486号
Copyright 1999-2013 版权所有 世博英语 www.360abc.com |