新概念英语第二册第28课【课文讲解】

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Lesson 28 No Parking

1.Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.

这句话中，who believes in ancient myths是做one的定语从句。而who在who believes in ancient myths这个定语从句中是做主语的成分，所以who不能省略。什么时候能够省略呢？请大家去仔细听听kathy老师所讲的特殊难点部分。

one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths，少有的相信古代神话的人之一。其中”one of+名词”这个结构，of后面的名词必须是复数，但是与这个结构连用的动词必须是单数：

One of your friends is waiting for you now.（你的一位朋友正在等你。）

课文中who代指的是one of those rare people,所以动词用了believes。

有两个单词值得我们进一步学习：rare和believe in。分别来看一下：

Rare

1. 罕见的,很少发生的；特殊的：

a rare event罕见的事件

a plant that is rare in this region.

在本地区很少见的植物

That bird is very rare in this country.

那种鸟在这个国家很稀有。

2.excellent; extraordinary:优秀的，不寻常的：

a rare sense of honor;不寻常的荣誉感；

a rare friend.极好的朋友

3. 稀薄的,密度小的；

rare air.稀薄的空气

Believe & believe in

Believe 相信，认为

Believe in 相信…的存在，信仰，

Do you believe that cats eat grass?

你相信猫吃草吗？

Do you believe in God?

你信仰上帝吗？（你相信上帝的存在吗？）

2.He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners.

Ever since的语气比since强，表示“从那以后一直”，主句一般用完成时：

I’ve been interested in flying ever since I was a boy.

自从我孩提时代起，我就对飞行一直感兴趣。

至于ever的意思和另外一个容易混淆的even的具体分析，下面我们会和大家一起来学习。

句中have trouble with是表示“与…有麻烦”、“与…有摩擦”的意思。

3．Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.

首先来看看because和because of的用法上的区别：

because是连词，所以后面接从句：

而because of是介词短语，后面不能跟从句，只能跟名词或代词及其短语

I want to go home now, because I am tired.

我想回家，因为我累了。

Because of you , we have to put the meeting off.

由于你的原因，我们只好推迟会议了。

He is absent today because of his father’s illness.

由于父亲病了，他今天没来。

接下来我们来看看ever和even的意思的不同：

ever：ever这个副词我们必须记住的有两个解释：

a..在任何时候，曾经（at any time）

Have you ever been to Paris?

It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.

b.总是、永远是(always)

Ever since=continuously since 这里ever就是强调一种“持续、一直有”的概念，所以：

Ever since的语气比since强，表示“从那以后一直”，主句一般用完成时：

I’ve been interested in flying ever since I was a boy.

自从我孩提时代起，我就对飞行一直感兴趣。

此外，ever表示always的用法还有：

I’ll love you for ever.（永远爱你。）

Ever-growing一直增长的

Evergreen常青树

再来看even的意思：

刚刚我们说了ever做副词有两个意思：“曾经”和“总是”。Even呢也有两个意思需要我们熟记，不过词性还有所不同：even做副词表示“甚至”；even做形容词表示“平的”这种核心概念。

even做“甚至”解释时（副词）是强调你在说某样事物或事情的时候，感到很出乎意料和惊奇。

I haven’t even thought of it.这个我连想都没想过。

he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.他甚至一次也没能把自己的车开进车库。

Even做形容词解释时，其核心意义为“平的”。我们通过下面几个例句来体会其核心意义，注意在翻译的时候，我们会根据不同的情况翻译为不同的意思。

an even floor.水平的地板

The picture is even with the window. 这张画与窗户平行。

an even fight 一场势均力敌的打斗

an even bargain.公平的交易

If we each take half, then we'll be even. 如果我们双方各拿一半，我们就互不亏欠了。

The teams are even at halftime. 半场时两队积分相同。

4．Jasper has put up “No parking” signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect.

我们上一课讲了和put搭配的几个短语，这里我们再次复习一下：

Put的用法：（特殊难点的用法）

Put up－搭起，架起：put up the tent

Put out－扑灭：put out the fire

Put on－穿上衣服：put on the coat

Put sb. up－安排住宿：We can put you up for tonight.

Put up with－容忍、忍受：I cannot put up with him any longer.

Put down-抄下：put down the sentences

Put off－推迟、延期：

Don't put off until tomorrow what can be done today.

今日可做的事不要拖到明天。

Put away－放到一边：put your toys away and go to bed

这里put up表示“挂起，架起“的意思。

句中sign用作名词，表示“记号，符号，告示；牌示”的意思。Sign还可以用作动词，表示“做手势，签名，签署”的意思。比如：

The policeman signed (for)them to stop. 警察做手势叫他们停住。

He signed to me to be quiet. 他做手势要我安静。

sign a letter在信件上签字

I want all of you to sign. 我要你们全都签字。

我们在各种需要签字的文件中，会出现一个signature的字样，这里就是需要你签字的地方。Signature就是sign动词的名词形式。

Have effect表示“有结果、有效果、有影响”的意思。其中effect做名词其意思就是“结果、效果、影响”。

The new timetable comes into effect from September, 1st. 新时刻表从9月一日开始生效。

Alcoholic drink can have a bad effect on your body. 含酒精的饮料会对你身体有很坏的影响。

One of the side effects of this drug is the easiness of habit-forming. 这种药的副作用之一就是容易上瘾。

短语搭配

in effect正在实行，有效，实际上

The old system is still in effect.

旧制度仍有效。

He is, in effect, my rival.

实际上他是我的竞争对手。

take effect开始实行；开始生效

The medicine quickly took effect. 药很快见效了。

另外，effect大家不要和另外一个形似的单词混淆了：affect。

Affect是动词，表示“对…有影响”。同样是“影响”的意思，effect是名词，而affect是动词。

The climate affected the amount of the rainfalls.气候影响了降雨量。

Bright light affects the eyes.光线太亮会影响眼睛。

句型模仿：

1.Did you see Tim in January?

Yes, I did , but I haven’t seen him since January.

2.Did he win a prize hast year?

Yes, he did, but he hasn’t won a prize since last year.

3.Did you stay with him in 1992?

Yes ,I did, but I haven’t stayed with him since 1992.

4.Did she see him at Christmas ?

Yes , she did, but she hasn’t seen him since Christmas.

5.Did you receive a letter from him in November?

Yes, I did, but I haven’t received a letter from him since November.

6.Did you meet him in 1995?

Yes , I did, but I haven’t met him since 1995.

7. Did she telephone him this morning?

Yes ,she did, but she hasn’t telephoned him since this morning.

8.Did she write to him on December 11th?

Yes ,she did, but she hasn’t written to him since December 11th.

9.Did he have a meal at one o’clock?

Yes, he did, but he hasn’t had a meal since one o’clock.

10.Did you hear from him last month?

Yes ,I did, but I haven’t heard from him since last month.