新概念英语第二册第27课【写作课程】

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第二十七课 A wet night

一、上期参考答案

1、摘要写作

The writer studies art and paints a lot of pictures. Many people do not really understand modern art. Paintings do not always have a meaning. They are sometimes pretty patterns. Young children not only appreciate modern paintings better than others but they notice more. The writer’s young sister went into his room yesterday and examined his new picture. He had hung it upside down and she noticed this immediately. (69字)

概括型版本：
The writer thinks many people misunderstand modern art and young children understand it better. His young sister, for example, could tell immediately when his painting was hung upside down. (29字)
(The writer thinks many people do not understand modern art as much as young children.)

2、作文

我把句子先连接起来，供大家写作文参考。
I’m always nervous at exams, so I can’t do them well.
Tom is my best friend and he always helps me, but he cannot help me with my exams.
Our teacher is only 22 years old, but she is very smart.
She is always nice to us, yet she is very strict with us in our exams.
I have been working very hard, so I was one of the top students in the exams this time.

二、摘要写作

1、摘要练习
分别使用快速阅读法、听写法和合并法练习写摘要。
将合并句子写的摘要贴到会员社区。自己根据课文内容，将可以合并的句子合并，去掉一些细节，篇幅争取控制在50字到60字。答案见下期。

2、继续做两句话概括的练习。
用两句概括，请大家自己做。答案见下期。

三、本课重点：代词的使用与写作的关系

前一课我们谈到句子之间的关系有并列、因果、转折等，这些关系主要是通过副词、连接词以及其他的句子结构方法来体现的，如”and”通常连接并列的两个句子，”so”常常用来连接因果关系的句子，而“but”常用来表示转折关系。句子之间的关系还可以通过其他方法来加强，比如代词的使用。
先来复习一下代词的一般作用和种类。代词一般指代替名词或者代替起到名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。从写作的角度来看，代词既可以指代前面提到的名词，也可以指代句子中或前面句子中的短语，可以指代一个分句，甚至可以指代一个句子，有时候还可以指代几个句子表达的意思。
代词一般可以分为八类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词等。几乎每一种类都和写作有密切的关系。

下面我们来分析一下第27课课文中代词的运用。
Late in the afternoon, the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field.
第一句里的物主代词their指代句子中的主语the boys。
As soon as this was done, they cooked a meal over an open fire.
This是指示代词，指代前面整个一句话，就是搭帐篷的事情。They则是指代上一句里的the boys,由于这一句本身是主语，实际上跟前面一句的主语是一致的，没有变化，只是形式上发生了变化，采用了代词。
They were all hungry and the food smelled god.
这一句的主语是个人称代词，也是指代the boys的，句子主语继续保持不变。
After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sand songs by the campfire.
同上句。
But some time later it began to rain.
这一句的主语it是人称代词，是英文中表示下雨的通常说法。
The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent.
这是用连接词so连接起来的句子。由于上一句的主语发生了变化，如果本句的the boys直接写成they，那么指代有些不太清楚，跟前面几句的主语隔得比较远，因此，重新说明是谁，用the boys；后半句则继续使用they来指代，而不需要再次重复the boys，后面的their物主代词也一目了然。
Their sleeping bags were warm and comfortable, so they all slept soundly.
句子开头的their从上一句来看，指代很清楚，指the boys。

四、作文线索

本课描写的是雨夜露营。按时间顺序描述搭帐篷、烧饭吃饭、娱乐休息，然后半夜下雨、帐篷遭殃。

现在请大家把下面的各组句子适当修改，能够合并的就合并起来，加上细节，完成一篇作文。参考答案见下期。

1、Three women went on a week-long trip to Guilin. Three women took a flight to go to Guilin.

2、Three men decided to go on a week-long trip to Guilin. Three men saw three women who were their colleagues at the airport. The three men and three women were on the same trip.

3、The three men were very happy. The three men became good friends of the three women.