新概念英语第二册第59课【课文讲解】

Kathy讲解

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Lesson 59 In or out? 进来还是出去？

1. Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark.
我家的狗雷克斯，过去常坐在大门外面叫。

2. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate.
每当它想到花园里来时，便汪汪叫个不停，直到有人把门打开。

every time在这里为连词引导一个时间状语从句，表示“每次”、“每当”，主句中的would表示过去的习惯性动作。用一般过去时的句子中它们经常连用：

Every time we met, we would talk for a while.
我们每次见面都要聊一会儿。
Every time he came to the restaurant, he would first ask for a cup of tea.
他每次到这个饭馆来，都是先要一杯茶。

3. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in.
由于邻居们对狗叫很有意见，所以我丈夫花了几个星期的时间训练它用脚爪按住门闩把自己放进来。

（1）spend & take
这两个动词都可以表示 “ 花费（时间）”，但两者用在不同的句型中。

spend的主语通常只能是人，后面如果跟名词则用介词on;如果跟动名词则用介词in（在口语中in往往省略）：
Why don't you spend more time on studies?
你为什么不在学习上再多花点时间呢？
I spent two weeks(in) reading this book.
我花了两星期的时间读这本书。

Take的主语可以是人，活动和形式主语it, 后面跟动词不定式。
She took ten minutes to talk to Mrs Bates on the telephone.
Writing the book took him five years.
It took him five years to write the book.

（2）train的宾语是him, to press…是宾语补足语，to let…为目的状语。

4. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.
雷克斯很快成了开门的专家。

expert表示“做/干……的专家/高手”时后面通 常用 at doing sth.;表示在某一领域是“专家”、“权威”时可用介词in或on:
John is an expert at driving a car.
约翰是开车高手。
She is an expert in flowers.
她是花卉方面的专家。
Sam is an expert on that problem.
萨姆是研究那个问题的权威。

5. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate.
然而上星期我正要出去买东西时，发现它正呆在花园里边靠门的地方。
6. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out! Since then, he has developed another bad habit.
这次它叫着让人把它放出去！从那以后，它养成了另外一种坏习惯。

7. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.
它从外面把门一打开，就走进花园，等着门自动关上。

8. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again.
这之后他就坐下汪汪叫起来，直到有人来把它放出去。出去之后，它又马上把自己放进来，接着再开始叫。

9. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since.
昨天，我丈夫把大门卸了下来，雷克斯很生气，此后我们便再也没有见到它。

[特殊难点]
to, so as to , so that, in order to, & in order that 这些结构都用于表示目的。

A：to, so as to 及in order to 后面跟动词原形，常用于非正式英语中；in order to 多用于肯定句中或句首，而so as to 则多用于否定句中：

He ran to the station to catch the train.
He ran to the station so as to catch the train.
He works hard in order to pass his exams.

B：so that和in order that后面跟从句。从句中的谓语动词通常与will/would, can/could, shall/should, may/might连用：

He works hard in order that he may pass his exams.
He works hard so that he may pass his exams.
He left the letter on the table in order that I might see it.

C：否定形式的构成：

I open the door quietly so as not to disturb him.
He came in quietly in order that / so that he should not wake his wife.
I’m going to start now, in order not to miss the beginning.

D：for somebody to do可以用于代替目的从句：

He left the letter on the table ( in order ) for me to see.
The dog was barking ( so that ) for someone to let him out.

本课所需掌握词组：

every time
so that
complain of
since then
let…in/out
develop a bad habit
go out shopping
after this

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