谢振礼谈托福雅思写作【4】Compare and Contrast 相对比较题型

TOEFL-IELTS Writing
by Mr. Jeenn Lee Hsieh
for www.360abc.com

Understanding Writing Topics
TOEFL Test of Written English
IELTS Writing Task 2

Topic Type: Compare and Contrast
题型: 相对比较

Another common type of writing topics is known as ''compare and contrast.'' Based on statistics, roughly in every 35 topics there are nine belonging to this category in which you are required to discuss two views while making your own choice of either, supported by reasons, examples or details you might give to the writing task.
我举两个真题为例, 写出范文. 请参考世博英语谢振礼作文专栏题的样稿.

Example--
Some people prefer to work for a large company. Others prefer to work for a small company. Which would you prefer? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.

1.喜欢在大公司工作?
2.喜欢在小公司工作?

作文答题, 选大选小都可以.没有标准答案. 但是一定要指出大小公司工作的优点和缺点, 做比较. 同时写出你个人的理由和例证来支持你的选择.
我试用一种答法--

主题>我选小公司工作.
结构>四段
内容>
起--大小公司皆有可取之处. 如果收入一样, 我喜欢小公司工作, 有两个原因. 一是小公司有小的价值, 一是在小公司工作比较有趣味.
承--理由一. 我注意到东西小而价值高
转--理由二 小公司上班更有趣味
合--结论. 大小公司, 都有优点缺点. 比较之后, 我选小公司工作.

Example--
It is generally agreed that society benefits from the work of its members. Compare the contributions of artists to society with the contributions of scientists to society. Which type of contribution do you think is valued more in you society? Give specific reasons to support your answer.

请问:
1.艺术家对社会的贡献, 比较有价值?
2.科学家对社会的贡献, 比较有价值?

我再试另一种答法--

主题>我认为科学家的贡献, 对于物质社会, 带来实际的利益
结构>四段
内容>
1. 艺术家给人类带来精神的利益, 科学家却带来进步和物质的享受
2. 艺术家的贡献
3. 科学家的贡献
4. 现在是物质社会, 肯定科学家的贡献, 比较受到重视

A collection of TOEFL-IELTS writing topics typical of ''compare and contrast''

准备托福或雅思的写作测验: 请看下列的考古题. 都是二选一的作文题型>

--to work for a large company
--to work for a small company

--artists contribute more to society
--scientists contribute more to society

--children should spend more time learning basic mathematcs
--children should spend more time learning advanced computer technology

--children should grow in strict discipline
--children should be left free to learn lessons of lives on their own

--knowledge gained from personal experience
--knowledge gained from classroom instruction

--to attend a small university
--to attend a big university

--to eat out
--to eat at home

--university students should be required to attend classes
--going to classes should be optional for students

--people can learn better by themselves
--it is always better to have a teacher

--it is better for children to grow up in the countryside
--it is better for children to grow up in a big city

--the earth is being damaged by human activities
--human activities make the earth a better place to live

--to spend the entire life in one place
--to move a number of times throughout the life

--it is better to spend your money when you earn it
--it is better to save your money for some time in the future

--businesses should hire their employees for their entire lives
--businesses should not hire their employees for their entire lives

--progress is always good
--progress is not always good

--to travel with a companion
--to travel alone

--to get up early in the morning
--to get up later

--to see serious movies designed to make the audience think
--to see movies designed to amuse and entertain

--to be always in a hurry to go places and get things done
--to take your time and live life at a slower pace

--to own a bsiness
--to work for an employer

--the automobile has improved modern life
--the automobile has caused serious problems

--to choose a high-paying job with long hours that would give you little time with family and friends
--to choose a low-paying job with shorter hours that would give you more time with family and friends

--prefer universities that require students to take classes in many subjects
--prefer universities that require students to specialize in one subject

--it is more important to be able to work with a group of people on a team
--it is more important to work independently

--the internet provides people with a lot of valuable information
--access to so much information creates problems

--to live in places that have the same weather or climate all year round
--to live in areas where the wether changes several times a year

--the governments should spend as much money as possble on developing computer technologies
--the governments should spend money on more basic needs

--prefer to do work by hand
--prefer to use machine

--to live in university dormitorias
--to live in apartments in the community

--the best way of learning about life is by listening to the advice of family and friends
--the best way of learning about life is through personal experience

--to follow the customs of a new country
--to keep your own customs

--prefer to spend most of the time with friends
--prefer to spend most of the time alone

--children should begin their formal education at a very early age and should spend most of their time on school studies
--young children should spend most of their time playing

--the family is the most important influence on young adults
--friends are the most important influence on young adults

--prefer to plan for your leisure time
--prefer not to plan for your leisure time

--to choose friends who are different
--to choose friends who are similar to yourselves

--to enjoy change and look forward to new experiences
--to stay the same and do not change the usual habits

--to trust someone by the first impression
--not to judge a person by the first impression

--childen may spend a great amount of their time practicing sports
--children may not spend so much time practicing sports

--all students at high schools are required to wear uniforms
--students should be allowed to decide what to wear to school

--students should be given one long vacation each year
--students should have several short vacations throughout the year

--to live in a traditional house
--to live in a modern apartment building

--to spend free time outdoors
--to spend free time indoors

--prefer classes where teachers lecture
--prefer clsses where students do some of the talking

--prefer to study alone
--prefer to study with a group of friends

--to buy a house
--to buy a business

--university education should be available to all students
--higher education should be available only to good students