新概念英语第二册第51课【课文讲解】

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Lesson 51 Reward for virtue 对美德的奖赏

Reward n. 奖赏, 经常用短语in reward for :

She got nothing in reward for her kindness. 她的好心没有得到好报。

作为动词使用时, reward经常与with或for连用：

reward sb with sth
He rewarded the boy with $ 10 for bringing back the lost dog.
他给那男孩10美元，报答他带回了那条丢失的狗。

reward sb for sth
She was generously rewarded for her work. 她的工作得到了丰厚的回报。

virtue n. 美德，这里的virtue指 “节食一事。”

1. My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. 我的朋友休一直很胖，但是近来情况变得越发糟糕，以致他决定节食。

（1） things（要用复数形式）可以表示“情况”、“情形”、“状况”、“形势”等含义：

You've surely made things worse.
你确实使情况变得更糟了。

How are things going on with you?
你那里情况如何？
（2）get作不及物动词时可以表示“变得”：
I got interested in French.
我（变得）对法语感兴趣了。

I got angry with him.
我（变得）对他很生气。

(3) diet n. （日常）饮食，食物，be / go on a diet 减食，节食

a low-fat diet 低脂肪饮食
I mustn’t have chocolate --- I’m on a diet. 我不能吃巧克力量---我在节食。
She went on a diet to lose weight. 她为了减肥开始限制饮食。

2. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.
他是一星期前开始节食的。首先，他开列了一张长长的单子，上面列了所有禁吃的食物。

(1) first of all, 为固定短语，表示“首先”、“第一”：

First of all I'd like to welcome you to the meeting.

“最高级+of all”为固定结构，表示 “最…的是”：
worst of all 最糟糕的是
most important of all 最重要的是
strangest of all 最奇怪的是
most of all 最主要的是

（2）write out这个短语表示“（正式）写”、“写出”或“全部写出”：
You should write out a report.
你应该写一份报告。

（3）forbidden adj. 禁止的, 它的动词形式是 forbid

the Forbidden City 紫禁城

3. The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. 这张单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的：黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。

（1）include v. 包括，把…列入、算入

The price includes postage charges. 这个价格包含邮费。

include sth in/on
Is service included in the bill? 帐单中包括服务费吗？

（2）sweet 既可作形容词也可作名词：

adj. 甜的

have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食
sweet nothings 甜言蜜语

n. 甜食，糖果， （美语用candy）

4. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever.
昨天我去看望了他。我按响了门铃, 当看到休仍和往常一样胖时，我并不感到惊奇。
(1) pay a visit to sb. 表示“拜访某人”：
I paid a visit to Jane the other day.
前几天我去看望了简。
(2) ring the bell 按门铃
ring a bell 听起来耳熟
Her name rings a bell but I can't remember her face.
她的名字听起来很熟，但我记不得她长什么样了。
(3) as ever是as he ever was的省略形式。as…as ever这个结构表示“照旧”、“依然”：
He is as strong as ever.
他依然那么强壮。

5. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed.
他把我领进屋，慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面。显然他感到很尴尬。

(1) hurriedly adv. 匆忙地，其形容词形式为 hurry

hurry up
Don’t hurry me. I’m working as fast as I can.

(2) embarrass v. 使尴尬

6. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk.
当我问他正干什么时，他内疚地笑了，然后把那个大包拿到了桌上。

guilty adj. 内疚的；愧疚的 [ + about ]

I feel really guilty about forgetting her birthday again.

7. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally.
他解释说，他的饮食控制得太严格了，以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下。

strict adj. 严格的，严厉的，严肃的

be strict with sb
The parents are very strict with their children. 这对父母对孩子很严格。

be strict about sth
This company is very strict about punctuality. 这家公司严格要求守时。

8. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!
接着他给我看了包里的东西。里面装了5大块巧克力和3袋糖果！
contain 表示在某个容器或物体之内装有什么东西。

本课必须掌握的词组

a reward for virtue
write ou
go on a diet
as … as ever
first of all
pay sb. a visit

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