新概念英语第二册第11课【写作课程】

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第十一课

一、上期参考答案

1、摘要写作

My grandfather bought a clavichord many years ago. It was made in Germany in 1681. Recently it was damaged by a visitor who tried to play jazz on it. She broke two of the strings. It is being repaired by a friend of my father's. （45字）

2、一句话概括

Our age-old clavichord was damaged by a visitor the other day.

3、简化练习

他们有一个特别宽敞的漂亮客厅。

简化：They+had+sitting-room

完整：They had an extremely spacious and beautiful sitting-room.

为了这个客厅的天花板他是花了很多钱的。

简化：He+spent+money

完整：He spent a lot of money on the ceiling of the sitting-room.

他还买了市面上最昂贵的大理石铺在客厅里。

简化：He+bought+marble

完整：He bought the most expensive marble he could find in the market for his sitting-room.

他跟妻子商量了两个星期以后，才决定把面积第二大的一个房间当做书房。

简化：He+decided

完整：After a lengthy discussion with his wife for two weeks, he decided to use the second largest room as his study.

最近他刚住了两个月的新房子被彻底毁了！

简化：New apartment+was destroyed

完整：Recently the new apartment in which he had lived for only two months was completely destroyed.

一位客人按客厅灯开关太猛，开关着了火，结果，房子被一把火给烧没了。

简化：guest+struck+switch. switch+caught+fire. Apartment+was burnt down

完整：A guest struck too hard on the light switch in the sitting-room. The switch caught fire. As a result, the apartment was burnt down.

他为此震怒。

简化：He+was shocked

完整：He was shocked for this.

他的一位朋友正在准备为他的房子打官司呢。

简化：Friend+was preparing+law-suit

完整：One of his friends was preparing a law-suit for his apartment.

4、作文

My new apartment

My wife and I moved into a new apartment two months ago. We had an extremely spacious and beautiful sitting-room. I spent a lot of money on the ceiling of the sitting-room. And I bought the most expensive marble I could find in the market for this sitting-room. But recently the new apartment in which we had lived for only two months was completely destroyed. Recently a guest struck too hard on the light switch in the sitting-room. The switch caught fire. As a result, the apartment was burnt down. We were so shocked for this. One of our friends was preparing a law-suit for our apartment.

二、摘要写作

继续按照合并句子的方法来练习：

1、I was having dinner at a restaurant when Harry Steele came in.

I saw Tony Steele when I was having dinner at a restaurant.

2、Tony worked in a lawyer's office years ago, but he is now working at a bank. He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back.

He always borrows money from his friends.

3、Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table.

He sat at my table.

4、He has never borrowed money from me. While he was eating, I asked him to lend me twenty pounds.

I asked him to lend me twenty pounds.

5、To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately. 'I have never borrowed any money from you,' Tony said, 'so now you can pay for my dinner!'

请你简化成两个或者一个句子。

摘要写作答案见下期。

三、本课重点：对D的分析

上期谈到两大类基本句型中描述动作或状态的句子，即：

A（主语）+B（谓语）+D（宾语）

如果进一步分析的话，我们就会发现这个句子里的D有一些变化：

1、Tony worked in a lawyer’s office years. A(Tony)+B(work)

2、I was having dinner at a restaurant. A(I)+B(have)+D(dinner)

3、To may surprise, he gave me the money immediately. A(he)+B(give)+D2(me)+D1(money)

句1没有宾语D，句2有一个宾语D，句3有两个宾语D2和D1。有没有宾语，有几个宾语基本上受谓语动词的影响。所以，造这样的句子时，要多考虑谓语动词的特点，特别是英文中那些和汉语中用法不同的动词。也就是说，记忆动词的时候，需要考虑动词是否为及物动词，当然，还要考虑动词与其他的搭配，如 borrow…from, lend…to等。最好的方法自然不是死记硬背，可以用动词造一句句子，通过这个句子反映该动词的意义、用法、搭配等。

谈到这里，我想特别提一下许多网友都谈到的词汇问题。有人苦恼说作文写不好，是因为词汇量小，还有人说单词总是记不住，或者征求速记单词的方法，或者说发现了新大陆，一个月可以记10，000个单词。且不论是否真的记住了这一万单词，就算“记”住了，为什么写作文时用不上？假设这一万个单词里有1000个是动词，所谓的记住了这些词，无非是记住了这1000动词的拼写和相应的1000条中文解释，最多的有可能是2000条中文解释。至于这些动词的确切含义、用法、搭配等等是一无所知了，造句时，只是翻译中文句子，抽出对应于中文的动词跟其他的凑在一起，句子自然别扭，“国产化”程度极高。请看这句话：

just like breeze blow face in the autumn

逐字逐句译成中文倒是可以懂的（宛若秋风吹拂着我的脸），英文嘛，是可笑的。明显的拼字游戏。

关于D在复合句子里的情况，以后再继续介绍。

四、作文线索

本课文字围绕Tony Steele的言行来描写。先写Tony进店，然后简略介绍一下Tony的背景，然后讲他的一个特殊习惯，爱跟人借钱，而且不还。然后故事就集中在 Tony和作者我之间发生的事情了。最后一句有点出人意料，而且点了题。

现在请大家根据下面的中文描述，模仿课文，自己再加上细节，拓展为一个完整的故事。注意围绕人物进行。

Tom是个外向的人。他的工作薪水很高，但是他喜欢漂亮衣服，可口的饭菜，还喜欢旅游，所以他经常跟朋友借钱…